Re: wars
If the Republicans thought they couldn't succeed without more troops than they thought the electorate could stomach, then they shouldn't have gone to war, as an unsuccessful war isn't so great for getting re-elected either (or, you know, ethical).
Anyway, back to Afghanistan. As far as I understand, the reasons we are in Afghanistan are to:
1) Stop terrorists
2) Oust the Taliban / create good governance (lately, Obama has dismissed this goal, and said that we are not only working towards #1)
If our goal is #1, I would think that would be best accomplished by spies and a good networks of operatives, such as the team which assassinated Osama bin Laden, not a ton of troops in a full-scale war. Meanwhile, the civilian casualties, as well as the image of a Western power occupying a Muslim territory, is good propaganda fodder for the terrorists to get more recruits. If we only had discreet operations, there would be less to make propaganda out of. I don't see how Obama's 30,000 troop surge, which is mostly inexperienced rookies, is going to be able to do much about this.
Not to mention that the terrorists, apparently, are doing at least as much in Pakistan as in Afghanistan.
If our goal is #2 ... I think that is impossible. At least for the United States - other parties might be able to accomplish that eventually. The Taliban are terrible. But Karzai's government is also so terrible that I think, if our goal is #2, it would be impossible for the United States to reform it into something tolerable. For example, one of the current members of the Afghan parliament, Abdul Rasul Sayyaf, is responsible for crimes against humanity, is a fundamentalist and has been pushing Afghan policy in that direction, as well as pushing laws which pardon people like himself for committing crimes against humanity. To top it all off, he was a friend of Osama bin Laden for a long time. It's pretty clear he became "elected" by a campaign of intimidation and fraud. I think getting decent governance in Afghanistan is going to be impossible until people like him are out of power, and there are some very practical reasons why the United States can't simply remove their power. We can, however, cease to support them.
As far as ousting the Taliban ... they are stubbornly refusing to be utterly defeated. They are on their home turf - which is full of *mountains* - vs. ignorant (of the area) Americans. Again, I don't see inexperienced rookies making a difference here. And one reason that the local people are not doing more to resist the Taliban is that, while they are horrible, the Karzai alternative is not tempting either.